ESP32 SDK

本文主要介绍如何在ESP32项目中使用 PubSubClient ,实现ESP32客户端与WaveshareCloud的连接、订阅、收发消息等功能

本文将分别介绍通过 TCP 端口和 SSL/TLS 端口来连接 ESP32 客户端到 MQTT 服务器。TCP 端口和 SSL/TLS 端口连接在连接设置部分略有不同，发布和订阅部分代码相同。

前置准备

获取连接参数

通过登录WaveshareCloud 设备|属性列表创建一个可用的设备之后，点击右侧黄色：查看地址获得相关信息

示例：

MqttPath: mqtt.waveshare.cloud
Port: 1883
Client ID: 052405b2
Pub Topic: Pub/10/16/052405b2
Sub Topic: Sub/10/16/052405b2

Arduino IDE

本文中使用 Arduino IDE 作为代码编辑和上传

安装依赖

在 Arduino IDE 中完成以下安装。

安装 ESP32 开发板。

点击工具-> 开发板-> 开发板管理。搜索 ESP32，点击安装。

安装 PubSub client 库。

点击项目-> 加载库-> 管理库... 。搜索 PubSubClient ，安装 PubSubClient by Nick O’Leary。

连接方式

设置MQTT 连接地址、端口、主题、客户端ID

          const char* mqtt_server = "mqtt.waveshare.cloud";
          int PORT = 1883;
          const char* ID = "052405b2";  // 定义设备 ID
          char sub[] = "Sub/10/16/052405b2";  // MQTT 订阅主题
          char pub[] = "Pub/10/16/052405b2";  // MQTT 发布主题
        

设置MQTTS 连接地址、端口、主题、客户端ID
通过复制CA证书到本地在代码中加载证书
const char* mqtt_server = "mqtt.waveshare.cloud"; int PORT = 8883; const char* ID = "052405b2"; // 定义设备 ID char sub[] = "Sub/10/16/052405b2"; // MQTT 订阅主题 char pub[] = "Pub/10/16/052405b2"; // MQTT 发布主题 WiFiClientSecure espClient; // 设置ESP32开启SSL/TLS连接
免证书方式在setup函数初始化时添加以下代码
espClient.setInsecure();

设置MQTTS 连接地址、端口、主题、客户端ID
通过复制CA证书到本地在代码中加载证书
const char* mqtt_server = "mqtt.waveshare.cloud"; int PORT = 8884; const char* ID = "052405b2"; // 定义设备 ID char sub[] = "Sub/10/16/052405b2"; // MQTT 订阅主题 char pub[] = "Pub/10/16/052405b2"; // MQTT 发布主题 WiFiClientSecure espClient; // 设置ESP32开启SSL/TLS连接
将证书以字符串形式加载到代码中
const char* root_ca = \ "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----\n" "MIID6TCCAtGgAwIBAgIJALAks3ODRL3nMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUAMIGKMQswCQYD\n" "VQQGEwJjbjELMAkGA1UECAwCZ2QxCzAJBgNVBAcMAnN6MRIwEAYDVQQKDAl3YXZl\n" "c2hhcmUxDDAKBgNVBAsMA2lvdDEdMBsGA1UEAwwUbXF0dC53YXZlc2hhcmUuY2xv\n" "dWQxIDAeBgkqhkiG9w0BCQEWEXN3YW5zaGFyZUAxNjMuYzBtMB4XDTIzMTAyNjAy\n" "MzgxMVoXDTMzMTAyMzAyMzgxMVowgYoxCzAJBgNVBAYTAmNuMQswCQYDVQQIDAJn\n" "ZDELMAkGA1UEBwwCc3oxEjAQBgNVBAoMCXdhdmVzaGFyZTEMMAoGA1UECwwDaW90\n" "MR0wGwYDVQQDDBRtcXR0LndhdmVzaGFyZS5jbG91ZDEgMB4GCSqGSIb3DQEJARYR\n" "c3dhbnNoYXJlQDE2My5jMG0wggEiMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4IBDwAwggEKAoIB\n" "AQDUoDxq2kCRWqhvFvOTOrYSwbw0LIfgN5zqxXTqU36bM0wsuPVm3to0M3A+LU7t\n" "2WEL81WIgmN4Lb8fBDCEw+O3c+7Cjv3kUvkD0RZVWQgTYWIVYV+OfvwRBSAkIXl9\n" "he8VBXJ9nLi4XcSVYKSGCXw63hOJ23EODCTeKKIzfKlwq0o5d90AOz7Yet9AMqLw\n" "WvLRFTaA0oFj3rlsoigmKVQ0QIa+Dt9GZQrmGKyu27tjR067oMLSRHQRtamSuVO/\n" "wz30S1FH0T59hA30Xc8mekQT9qkPZJeY9w7wp8w3wMqnquZpn3n1ESCKZMpJnwqJ\n" "0dip3TfyNVI0nPGmEOqKejcbAgMBAAGjUDBOMB0GA1UdDgQWBBQKOKe2XoqfgLVa\n" "2bNxZ5eeKBEMazAfBgNVHSMEGDAWgBQKOKe2XoqfgLVa2bNxZ5eeKBEMazAMBgNV\n" "HRMEBTADAQH/MA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUAA4IBAQAdvB90XePwNx/KRINFwTtBj9cP\n" "VFSCWccGjQgNQoxKXKRmWoIbUAXtoVjzFAqc2t9Blcw9HNIeR5bt+Cw5AYrqnw41\n" "z+ZqJ3D6j1S+YGaAnN/8PQRDDl2/cTw/6CDf+iyVI/FPcFcMcNTFFrwII4/3V4sn\n" "OoO+7MuCHH3sEliEef+FqIiP0UKeWLlGPJLRidcc1416ksrfeHGdkBrQTJ2gZfFC\n" "j+sRHaFesqEQhDzNUpQ0bXgIivWLiPrA+dwcBp+oq4o4hpZIddDD33JaAxGkUM9B\n" "4k0kEUml0o8NWGVHPdueLq5srczFfw2AHiUPyKCje9RjPNq6TvBCG9n9aznV\n" "-----END CERTIFICATE-----"; const char* server_crt = \ "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----\n" "MIIDkjCCAnoCCQDLHlw5O4wZlTANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADCBijELMAkGA1UEBhMC\n" "Y24xCzAJBgNVBAgMAmdkMQswCQYDVQQHDAJzejESMBAGA1UECgwJd2F2ZXNoYXJl\n" "MQwwCgYDVQQLDANpb3QxHTAbBgNVBAMMFG1xdHQud2F2ZXNoYXJlLmNsb3VkMSAw\n" "HgYJKoZIhvcNAQkBFhFzd2Fuc2hhcmVAMTYzLmMwbTAeFw0yMzEwMjYwMjQ2NTla\n" "Fw0yNDEwMjUwMjQ2NTlaMIGKMQswCQYDVQQGEwJjbjELMAkGA1UECAwCZ2QxCzAJ\n" "BgNVBAcMAnN6MRIwEAYDVQQKDAl3YXZlc2hhcmUxDDAKBgNVBAsMA2lvdDEdMBsG\n" "A1UEAwwUbXF0dC53YXZlc2hhcmUuY2xvdWQxIDAeBgkqhkiG9w0BCQEWEXN3YW5z\n" "aGFyZUAxNjMuY29tMIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEA28+u\n" "XDwxDevoWHyWECp2cvOAFuttb0oBDfiwgBuJrnizn1iBlhmtxKBXjT5+L1P2aPAs\n" "AoB5boe7Q4RAwpnXi8fW7/mmh+tahtJtb3TvKEdvACbitwg6ZkwbuOv10YuI+OT3\n" "H8cOSdERm6oCXP0TtlE8T6tQ2d2CdBV34+nWLCOEjDHOBhIO43g6hC+/zIZRUOqw\n" "qQxRkryl7cBs2gqd8O964FQfC3WXtiOQoJohsWIScUQMrQ2UZ/A/Bb8gC6lJhi8C\n" "TvvJavbXP4DwU16ZRPyW2fq24xflew3yD/0bXjQCD9JhhwpCmjkE0/XHbCUrfHmD\n" "NOASvFRV/oPkPT/kHwIDAQABMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUAA4IBAQCxnd1adIlwI8Ta\n" "rKP1Ajb/4FHDYLZwqqQqD2y2/Edd2RChOFkv8MhkkKZEBToWd/5+xFDZMmOLy+/S\n" "zl2FRGMbenXTy9/IDhJioctm6+BGkRaM5OskqLnyugJr7sHqEnS9Un/aGjhxbV+4\n" "tGKXW7ZUyRwgf82sKDAZ6hdJ65d6Qe4Jp2Z19pdv0sm4mYgKir/QAuW+dnH7FEAg\n" "kR9M38iXvgTNx9vcrCztwxivvnVuFlbm2Nt17GrNusN8g6D0ipymJ16PUaUI7tk3\n" "tBSkdjFLg6NVsV2hw/7Kcvw1gOdzXs1uOrZIQbFGSHbbIgzlsWaA8S3gsw3L4YZb\n" "6efBEiLC\n" "-----END CERTIFICATE-----"; const char* server_key = \ "-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----\n" "MIIEogIBAAKCAQEA28+uXDwxDevoWHyWECp2cvOAFuttb0oBDfiwgBuJrnizn1iB\n" "lhmtxKBXjT5+L1P2aPAsAoB5boe7Q4RAwpnXi8fW7/mmh+tahtJtb3TvKEdvACbi\n" "twg6ZkwbuOv10YuI+OT3H8cOSdERm6oCXP0TtlE8T6tQ2d2CdBV34+nWLCOEjDHO\n" "BhIO43g6hC+/zIZRUOqwqQxRkryl7cBs2gqd8O964FQfC3WXtiOQoJohsWIScUQM\n" "rQ2UZ/A/Bb8gC6lJhi8CTvvJavbXP4DwU16ZRPyW2fq24xflew3yD/0bXjQCD9Jh\n" "hwpCmjkE0/XHbCUrfHmDNOASvFRV/oPkPT/kHwIDAQABAoIBAA4j9huI4775hiDr\n" "Itw3XxdWAs92pbubDyZO8UvMebb3nNaLYwq87CjSB8/WTVfOFvP5P1uJ2EX8BVf6\n" "kg/yxaMAYBtf/A6SXWh+8PtSknAM6F8iIUOVC+y4yK/EvjOUvmMEl8E7lPe6s19I\n" "OI6y2SnJYA/f/XuGfHXrS6Mlz9lW8RKd4r4KmvNgkyy2Yt21zec5bB7aJVuC9MV5\n" "+6f20S/EHbbAi1YbOPtcPOaoIkdtXO5PuSwFy8HER5jYOQp+RUT5xC8HoS+jJCF9\n" "5dCa9suSiw3vq0cNn91AIx+oU4lVrCNcVpX41aKsovk4wwuaOFinQqTN5k6xLNPq\n" "M+yrZgECgYEA7bKgW1EgCRK5M/WZZTQbTSW7iWVZanrccotyxIkYzGpgmQy8AYKj\n" "n2rpyeBXLwcBHPqdsWPVYSeEJJ9zbHxsBRxsX7MLvB5zRb0S05YVk0+x3YvDXhCy\n" "42MHcPPjxWDvRh16j1h+IwRsIpatQrZnnKBXAGc/w4jVLZ2sV43imH8CgYEA7Lx8\n" "PA/x9mSxBrjBIIpKQBlAcBzxT6z82AiDBfOG4Sf/P2fb/wNSRKVC/XeTh1Zczt1Z\n" "ovPJdVe8qGsqEaI54Zrhp2shGfkvTTh4WwI3km8jdcEtjtHaoUBYFzmFd+Rrv8Uj\n" "PWV5cfPmxbWG7GY9j6gudHgZE6iZLO1JtwPt5GECgYAfPvbzahOi/bIY0XUrp5Db\n" "MFWZtxfs9l+aMxiQG1GGNYmjNNhV/n1RzHUVE4eCaBJOY+ds1SnMjqxBQDClFyn/\n" "9f+NCPVG8l3G0hbyd204oyZHcELrT5ikaXUl9PmBDcAGYIOm6kQSiFdKqLH37hBq\n" "t20YYXoxUwBq8aohDEa4MwKBgBVgl99cmT7krM+sk1P66OWM4jK9ilTljBd9/Ubm\n" "TMG8OOJi4IzQofcs7TWyPJI2DD9p4ZRDa2e7OoAC3VOmUI+8yq+xjtWnmMviU4v0\n" "UUxZ2NvjS9ffv1xcURgXy6Od7tTsWlhK94KAwdAMqlhiiyCT0U4XIjySNvLFoqhy\n" "JGNBAoGAL/S8MY/eSrOwndafr/Oa+lHd7obuM9MuUsLzswhSJBZqnKAb+XGZCnEm\n" "I8hTk2hQm68nrKpw8121rqvWejHmkUzKlZJ45ixokfj3TOktzcxb5/kGfvRnRuzG\n" "nNwCNDQdC+lEfyiEoi8nuDEM0pR3emSWiUvI6QDDfER19psF62c=\n" "-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----";
证书初始化设置
espClient.setCACert(root_ca); espClient.setCertificate(server_crt); espClient.setPrivateKey(server_key);

订阅和发布

订阅主题

订阅主题

client.subscribe(<Data>);

消息回调

void callback(char* topic, byte* payload, unsigned int length) {
  String inputString;
  for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
    inputString += (char)payload[i];
  }
  Serial.println(inputString);
  int dataBegin = inputString.indexOf("\"data\"");
  if (dataBegin == -1) {
    Serial.println(F("Missing 'data' field in JSON."));
    return;
  }
  int builtInBegin = inputString.indexOf("\"builtIn\"", dataBegin);
  if (builtInBegin == -1) {
    Serial.println(F("Missing 'builtIn' field in 'data' object."));
    return;
  }
  int valueBegin = inputString.indexOf(':', builtInBegin);
  int valueEnd = inputString.indexOf('}', valueBegin);
  if (valueBegin == -1 || valueEnd == -1) {
    Serial.println(F("Invalid 'builtIn' value."));
    return;
  }
  String builtInValueStr = inputString.substring(valueBegin + 1, valueEnd);
  int builtInValue = builtInValueStr.toInt();
  if (builtInValue == 0) {
    Serial.println("close!");
  } else {
    Serial.println("open!");
  }
}

发布主题

发布消息

client.publish(pub, <data>);

Json格式上发数据函数

void sendJsonData() {
  sendJson["ID"] = ID;
  String pubres;
  serializeJson(sendJson, pubres);
  int str_len = pubres.length() + 1;
  char char_array[str_len];
  pubres.toCharArray(char_array, str_len);
  client.publish(pub, char_array);
}

完整代码

通过TCP端口连接

#include <ArduinoJson.h>
#include <Arduino.h>
#include <PubSubClient.h>
#include <WiFi.h>
#include <WiFiClientSecure.h>

#define MSG_BUFFER_SIZE (50)

// WiFi 接入点的名称和密码
#define STASSID ""
#define STAPSK ""

const char* mqtt_server = "mqtt.waveshare.cloud";
int PORT = 1883;

const char* ID = "";  // 定义设备 ID
char sub[] = "";  // MQTT 订阅主题
char pub[] = "";  // MQTT 发布主题



StaticJsonDocument<400> sendJson;
StaticJsonDocument<400> readJson;
unsigned long lastUpdateTime = 0;
const char* ssid = STASSID;
const char* password = STAPSK;
char msg[MSG_BUFFER_SIZE];
WiFiClient espClient;

PubSubClient client(espClient);

const unsigned long updateInterval = 5000;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  setup_wifi();
  client.setServer(mqtt_server, PORT);
  client.setCallback(callback);
}

void loop() {
  if (!client.connected()) {
    reconnect();
  }
  client.loop();
  if (millis() - lastUpdateTime > updateInterval) {  // 数据定时上报
    sendJsonData();
    lastUpdateTime = millis();
  }
}
// MQTT 订阅回调函数，用于处理接收到的消息
void callback(char* topic, byte* payload, unsigned int length) {
  String inputString;
  for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
    inputString += (char)payload[i];
  }
  Serial.println(inputString);
  int dataBegin = inputString.indexOf("\"data\"");
  if (dataBegin == -1) {
    Serial.println(F("Missing 'data' field in JSON."));
    return;
  }
  int builtInBegin = inputString.indexOf("\"builtIn\"", dataBegin);
  if (builtInBegin == -1) {
    Serial.println(F("Missing 'builtIn' field in 'data' object."));
    return;
  }
  int valueBegin = inputString.indexOf(':', builtInBegin);
  int valueEnd = inputString.indexOf('}', valueBegin);
  if (valueBegin == -1 || valueEnd == -1) {
    Serial.println(F("Invalid 'builtIn' value."));
    return;
  }
  String builtInValueStr = inputString.substring(valueBegin + 1, valueEnd);
  int builtInValue = builtInValueStr.toInt();
  if (builtInValue == 0) {
    Serial.println("close!");
  } else {
    Serial.println("open!");
  }
}

void setup_wifi() {
  Serial.println();
  Serial.print("Connecting to ");
  Serial.println(ssid);
  WiFi.mode(WIFI_STA);
  WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(500);
    Serial.print(".");
  }
  Serial.println("IP address: ");
  Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
}

// 重新连接 MQTT 服务器
void reconnect() {
  while (!client.connected()) {
    if (client.connect(ID)) {
      client.subscribe(sub);
    } else {
      Serial.print(client.state());
      delay(5000);
    }
  }
}
// 发送 JSON 格式的数据到 MQTT 服务器
void sendJsonData() {
  sendJson["ID"] = ID;
  String pubres;
  serializeJson(sendJson, pubres);
  int str_len = pubres.length() + 1;
  char char_array[str_len];
  pubres.toCharArray(char_array, str_len);
  client.publish(pub, char_array);
}

通过SSL/TSL端口连接（免证书）

#include <ArduinoJson.h>
#include <Arduino.h>
#include <PubSubClient.h>
#include <WiFi.h>
#include <WiFiClientSecure.h>

#define MSG_BUFFER_SIZE (50)

// WiFi 接入点的名称和密码
#define STASSID ""
#define STAPSK ""

const char* mqtt_server = "mqtt.waveshare.cloud";
int PORT = 8883;

const char* ID = "";  // 定义设备 ID
char sub[] = "";  // MQTT 订阅主题
char pub[] = "";  // MQTT 发布主题



StaticJsonDocument<400> sendJson;
StaticJsonDocument<400> readJson;
unsigned long lastUpdateTime = 0;
const char* ssid = STASSID;
const char* password = STAPSK;
char msg[MSG_BUFFER_SIZE];
WiFiClient espClient;

PubSubClient client(espClient);

const unsigned long updateInterval = 5000;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  setup_wifi();
  espClient.setInsecure(); 
  client.setServer(mqtt_server, PORT);
  client.setCallback(callback);
}

void loop() {
  if (!client.connected()) {
    reconnect();
  }
  client.loop();
  if (millis() - lastUpdateTime > updateInterval) {  // 数据定时上报
    sendJsonData();
    lastUpdateTime = millis();
  }
}
// MQTT 订阅回调函数，用于处理接收到的消息
void callback(char* topic, byte* payload, unsigned int length) {
  String inputString;
  for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
    inputString += (char)payload[i];
  }
  Serial.println(inputString);
  int dataBegin = inputString.indexOf("\"data\"");
  if (dataBegin == -1) {
    Serial.println(F("Missing 'data' field in JSON."));
    return;
  }
  int builtInBegin = inputString.indexOf("\"builtIn\"", dataBegin);
  if (builtInBegin == -1) {
    Serial.println(F("Missing 'builtIn' field in 'data' object."));
    return;
  }
  int valueBegin = inputString.indexOf(':', builtInBegin);
  int valueEnd = inputString.indexOf('}', valueBegin);
  if (valueBegin == -1 || valueEnd == -1) {
    Serial.println(F("Invalid 'builtIn' value."));
    return;
  }
  String builtInValueStr = inputString.substring(valueBegin + 1, valueEnd);
  int builtInValue = builtInValueStr.toInt();
  if (builtInValue == 0) {
    Serial.println("close!");
  } else {
    Serial.println("open!");
  }
}

void setup_wifi() {
  Serial.println();
  Serial.print("Connecting to ");
  Serial.println(ssid);
  WiFi.mode(WIFI_STA);
  WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(500);
    Serial.print(".");
  }
  Serial.println("IP address: ");
  Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
}

// 重新连接 MQTT 服务器
void reconnect() {
  while (!client.connected()) {
    if (client.connect(ID)) {
      client.subscribe(sub);
    } else {
      Serial.print(client.state());
      delay(5000);
    }
  }
}
// 发送 JSON 格式的数据到 MQTT 服务器
void sendJsonData() {
  sendJson["ID"] = ID;
  String pubres;
  serializeJson(sendJson, pubres);
  int str_len = pubres.length() + 1;
  char char_array[str_len];
  pubres.toCharArray(char_array, str_len);
  client.publish(pub, char_array);
}

通过SSL/TSL端口连接（携带证书）

#include <ArduinoJson.h>
#include <Arduino.h>
#include <PubSubClient.h>
#include <WiFi.h>
#include <WiFiClientSecure.h>

#define MSG_BUFFER_SIZE (50)

// WiFi 接入点的名称和密码
#define STASSID ""
#define STAPSK ""

const char* mqtt_server = "mqtt.waveshare.cloud";
int PORT = 8884;

const char* ID = "";  // 定义设备 ID
char sub[] = "";  // MQTT 订阅主题
char pub[] = "";  // MQTT 发布主题



StaticJsonDocument<400> sendJson;
StaticJsonDocument<400> readJson;
unsigned long lastUpdateTime = 0;
const char* ssid = STASSID;
const char* password = STAPSK;
char msg[MSG_BUFFER_SIZE];

WiFiClientSecure espClient; 
PubSubClient client(espClient);

const unsigned long updateInterval = 5000;

const char* root_ca = \
  "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----\n"
  "MIID6TCCAtGgAwIBAgIJALAks3ODRL3nMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUAMIGKMQswCQYD\n"
  "VQQGEwJjbjELMAkGA1UECAwCZ2QxCzAJBgNVBAcMAnN6MRIwEAYDVQQKDAl3YXZl\n"
  "c2hhcmUxDDAKBgNVBAsMA2lvdDEdMBsGA1UEAwwUbXF0dC53YXZlc2hhcmUuY2xv\n"
  "dWQxIDAeBgkqhkiG9w0BCQEWEXN3YW5zaGFyZUAxNjMuYzBtMB4XDTIzMTAyNjAy\n"
  "MzgxMVoXDTMzMTAyMzAyMzgxMVowgYoxCzAJBgNVBAYTAmNuMQswCQYDVQQIDAJn\n"
  "ZDELMAkGA1UEBwwCc3oxEjAQBgNVBAoMCXdhdmVzaGFyZTEMMAoGA1UECwwDaW90\n"
  "MR0wGwYDVQQDDBRtcXR0LndhdmVzaGFyZS5jbG91ZDEgMB4GCSqGSIb3DQEJARYR\n"
  "c3dhbnNoYXJlQDE2My5jMG0wggEiMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4IBDwAwggEKAoIB\n"
  "AQDUoDxq2kCRWqhvFvOTOrYSwbw0LIfgN5zqxXTqU36bM0wsuPVm3to0M3A+LU7t\n"
  "2WEL81WIgmN4Lb8fBDCEw+O3c+7Cjv3kUvkD0RZVWQgTYWIVYV+OfvwRBSAkIXl9\n"
  "he8VBXJ9nLi4XcSVYKSGCXw63hOJ23EODCTeKKIzfKlwq0o5d90AOz7Yet9AMqLw\n"
  "WvLRFTaA0oFj3rlsoigmKVQ0QIa+Dt9GZQrmGKyu27tjR067oMLSRHQRtamSuVO/\n"
  "wz30S1FH0T59hA30Xc8mekQT9qkPZJeY9w7wp8w3wMqnquZpn3n1ESCKZMpJnwqJ\n"
  "0dip3TfyNVI0nPGmEOqKejcbAgMBAAGjUDBOMB0GA1UdDgQWBBQKOKe2XoqfgLVa\n"
  "2bNxZ5eeKBEMazAfBgNVHSMEGDAWgBQKOKe2XoqfgLVa2bNxZ5eeKBEMazAMBgNV\n"
  "HRMEBTADAQH/MA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUAA4IBAQAdvB90XePwNx/KRINFwTtBj9cP\n"
  "VFSCWccGjQgNQoxKXKRmWoIbUAXtoVjzFAqc2t9Blcw9HNIeR5bt+Cw5AYrqnw41\n"
  "z+ZqJ3D6j1S+YGaAnN/8PQRDDl2/cTw/6CDf+iyVI/FPcFcMcNTFFrwII4/3V4sn\n"
  "OoO+7MuCHH3sEliEef+FqIiP0UKeWLlGPJLRidcc1416ksrfeHGdkBrQTJ2gZfFC\n"
  "j+sRHaFesqEQhDzNUpQ0bXgIivWLiPrA+dwcBp+oq4o4hpZIddDD33JaAxGkUM9B\n"
  "4k0kEUml0o8NWGVHPdueLq5srczFfw2AHiUPyKCje9RjPNq6TvBCG9n9aznV\n"
  "-----END CERTIFICATE-----";

const char* server_crt  = \
  "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----\n"
  "MIIDkjCCAnoCCQDLHlw5O4wZlTANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADCBijELMAkGA1UEBhMC\n"
  "Y24xCzAJBgNVBAgMAmdkMQswCQYDVQQHDAJzejESMBAGA1UECgwJd2F2ZXNoYXJl\n"
  "MQwwCgYDVQQLDANpb3QxHTAbBgNVBAMMFG1xdHQud2F2ZXNoYXJlLmNsb3VkMSAw\n"
  "HgYJKoZIhvcNAQkBFhFzd2Fuc2hhcmVAMTYzLmMwbTAeFw0yMzEwMjYwMjQ2NTla\n"
  "Fw0yNDEwMjUwMjQ2NTlaMIGKMQswCQYDVQQGEwJjbjELMAkGA1UECAwCZ2QxCzAJ\n"
  "BgNVBAcMAnN6MRIwEAYDVQQKDAl3YXZlc2hhcmUxDDAKBgNVBAsMA2lvdDEdMBsG\n"
  "A1UEAwwUbXF0dC53YXZlc2hhcmUuY2xvdWQxIDAeBgkqhkiG9w0BCQEWEXN3YW5z\n"
  "aGFyZUAxNjMuY29tMIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEA28+u\n"
  "XDwxDevoWHyWECp2cvOAFuttb0oBDfiwgBuJrnizn1iBlhmtxKBXjT5+L1P2aPAs\n"
  "AoB5boe7Q4RAwpnXi8fW7/mmh+tahtJtb3TvKEdvACbitwg6ZkwbuOv10YuI+OT3\n"
  "H8cOSdERm6oCXP0TtlE8T6tQ2d2CdBV34+nWLCOEjDHOBhIO43g6hC+/zIZRUOqw\n"
  "qQxRkryl7cBs2gqd8O964FQfC3WXtiOQoJohsWIScUQMrQ2UZ/A/Bb8gC6lJhi8C\n"
  "TvvJavbXP4DwU16ZRPyW2fq24xflew3yD/0bXjQCD9JhhwpCmjkE0/XHbCUrfHmD\n"
  "NOASvFRV/oPkPT/kHwIDAQABMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUAA4IBAQCxnd1adIlwI8Ta\n"
  "rKP1Ajb/4FHDYLZwqqQqD2y2/Edd2RChOFkv8MhkkKZEBToWd/5+xFDZMmOLy+/S\n"
  "zl2FRGMbenXTy9/IDhJioctm6+BGkRaM5OskqLnyugJr7sHqEnS9Un/aGjhxbV+4\n"
  "tGKXW7ZUyRwgf82sKDAZ6hdJ65d6Qe4Jp2Z19pdv0sm4mYgKir/QAuW+dnH7FEAg\n"
  "kR9M38iXvgTNx9vcrCztwxivvnVuFlbm2Nt17GrNusN8g6D0ipymJ16PUaUI7tk3\n"
  "tBSkdjFLg6NVsV2hw/7Kcvw1gOdzXs1uOrZIQbFGSHbbIgzlsWaA8S3gsw3L4YZb\n"
  "6efBEiLC\n"
  "-----END CERTIFICATE-----";

const char* server_key  = \
"-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----\n"
"MIIEogIBAAKCAQEA28+uXDwxDevoWHyWECp2cvOAFuttb0oBDfiwgBuJrnizn1iB\n"
"lhmtxKBXjT5+L1P2aPAsAoB5boe7Q4RAwpnXi8fW7/mmh+tahtJtb3TvKEdvACbi\n"
"twg6ZkwbuOv10YuI+OT3H8cOSdERm6oCXP0TtlE8T6tQ2d2CdBV34+nWLCOEjDHO\n"
"BhIO43g6hC+/zIZRUOqwqQxRkryl7cBs2gqd8O964FQfC3WXtiOQoJohsWIScUQM\n"
"rQ2UZ/A/Bb8gC6lJhi8CTvvJavbXP4DwU16ZRPyW2fq24xflew3yD/0bXjQCD9Jh\n"
"hwpCmjkE0/XHbCUrfHmDNOASvFRV/oPkPT/kHwIDAQABAoIBAA4j9huI4775hiDr\n"
"Itw3XxdWAs92pbubDyZO8UvMebb3nNaLYwq87CjSB8/WTVfOFvP5P1uJ2EX8BVf6\n"
"kg/yxaMAYBtf/A6SXWh+8PtSknAM6F8iIUOVC+y4yK/EvjOUvmMEl8E7lPe6s19I\n"
"OI6y2SnJYA/f/XuGfHXrS6Mlz9lW8RKd4r4KmvNgkyy2Yt21zec5bB7aJVuC9MV5\n"
"+6f20S/EHbbAi1YbOPtcPOaoIkdtXO5PuSwFy8HER5jYOQp+RUT5xC8HoS+jJCF9\n"
"5dCa9suSiw3vq0cNn91AIx+oU4lVrCNcVpX41aKsovk4wwuaOFinQqTN5k6xLNPq\n"
"M+yrZgECgYEA7bKgW1EgCRK5M/WZZTQbTSW7iWVZanrccotyxIkYzGpgmQy8AYKj\n"
"n2rpyeBXLwcBHPqdsWPVYSeEJJ9zbHxsBRxsX7MLvB5zRb0S05YVk0+x3YvDXhCy\n"
"42MHcPPjxWDvRh16j1h+IwRsIpatQrZnnKBXAGc/w4jVLZ2sV43imH8CgYEA7Lx8\n"
"PA/x9mSxBrjBIIpKQBlAcBzxT6z82AiDBfOG4Sf/P2fb/wNSRKVC/XeTh1Zczt1Z\n"
"ovPJdVe8qGsqEaI54Zrhp2shGfkvTTh4WwI3km8jdcEtjtHaoUBYFzmFd+Rrv8Uj\n"
"PWV5cfPmxbWG7GY9j6gudHgZE6iZLO1JtwPt5GECgYAfPvbzahOi/bIY0XUrp5Db\n"
"MFWZtxfs9l+aMxiQG1GGNYmjNNhV/n1RzHUVE4eCaBJOY+ds1SnMjqxBQDClFyn/\n"
"9f+NCPVG8l3G0hbyd204oyZHcELrT5ikaXUl9PmBDcAGYIOm6kQSiFdKqLH37hBq\n"
"t20YYXoxUwBq8aohDEa4MwKBgBVgl99cmT7krM+sk1P66OWM4jK9ilTljBd9/Ubm\n"
"TMG8OOJi4IzQofcs7TWyPJI2DD9p4ZRDa2e7OoAC3VOmUI+8yq+xjtWnmMviU4v0\n"
"UUxZ2NvjS9ffv1xcURgXy6Od7tTsWlhK94KAwdAMqlhiiyCT0U4XIjySNvLFoqhy\n"
"JGNBAoGAL/S8MY/eSrOwndafr/Oa+lHd7obuM9MuUsLzswhSJBZqnKAb+XGZCnEm\n"
"I8hTk2hQm68nrKpw8121rqvWejHmkUzKlZJ45ixokfj3TOktzcxb5/kGfvRnRuzG\n"
"nNwCNDQdC+lEfyiEoi8nuDEM0pR3emSWiUvI6QDDfER19psF62c=\n"
"-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----";



void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  setup_wifi();
  // espClient.setInsecure(); 
  espClient.setCACert(root_ca);
  espClient.setCertificate(server_crt);
  espClient.setPrivateKey(server_key);
  client.setServer(mqtt_server, PORT);
  client.setCallback(callback);
}

void loop() {
  if (!client.connected()) {
    reconnect();
  }
  client.loop();
  if (millis() - lastUpdateTime > updateInterval) {  // 数据定时上报
    sendJsonData();
    lastUpdateTime = millis();
  }
}
// MQTT 订阅回调函数，用于处理接收到的消息
void callback(char* topic, byte* payload, unsigned int length) {
  String inputString;
  for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
    inputString += (char)payload[i];
  }
  Serial.println(inputString);
  int dataBegin = inputString.indexOf("\"data\"");
  if (dataBegin == -1) {
    Serial.println(F("Missing 'data' field in JSON."));
    return;
  }
  int builtInBegin = inputString.indexOf("\"builtIn\"", dataBegin);
  if (builtInBegin == -1) {
    Serial.println(F("Missing 'builtIn' field in 'data' object."));
    return;
  }
  int valueBegin = inputString.indexOf(':', builtInBegin);
  int valueEnd = inputString.indexOf('}', valueBegin);
  if (valueBegin == -1 || valueEnd == -1) {
    Serial.println(F("Invalid 'builtIn' value."));
    return;
  }
  String builtInValueStr = inputString.substring(valueBegin + 1, valueEnd);
  int builtInValue = builtInValueStr.toInt();
  if (builtInValue == 0) {
    Serial.println("close!");
  } else {
    Serial.println("open!");
  }
}

void setup_wifi() {
  Serial.println();
  Serial.print("Connecting to ");
  Serial.println(ssid);
  WiFi.mode(WIFI_STA);
  WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(500);
    Serial.print(".");
  }
  Serial.println("IP address: ");
  Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
}

// 重新连接 MQTT 服务器
void reconnect() {
  while (!client.connected()) {
    if (client.connect(ID)) {
      client.subscribe(sub);
    } else {
      Serial.print(client.state());
      delay(5000);
    }
  }
}
// 发送 JSON 格式的数据到 MQTT 服务器
void sendJsonData() {
  sendJson["ID"] = ID;
  String pubres;
  serializeJson(sendJson, pubres);
  int str_len = pubres.length() + 1;
  char char_array[str_len];
  pubres.toCharArray(char_array, str_len);
  client.publish(pub, char_array);
}

Last modified: 12 一月 2024